|
Making the Buying Decision
Assuming you plan to own your home for several years and can
afford the payments, you will likely be better off owning versus
renting. Here are some points to consider:
|
|
Rent |
Buy |
|
Tax Savings
|
You might receive a state income tax renter's credit, but
nothing more. |
Payments towards interest, taxes and points are tax
deductible.
|
|
Equity Build-up |
None, unless your rent payment is lower than the cost of
owning a home, and you invest the difference in a CD, stock or
mutual funds. |
Even if your home value remains constant, your loan balance
should decrease. This results in increasing equity your
property. |
|
Mobility
|
Most leases are less than 1 year in duration. It is easy to
move at the end of a lease. In addition, your property owner
usually will not have to renew your lease, and you could be
forced to move out at the end of your lease. |
Selling a house can take time and may cost 6% to 8% of the
sales price. If you have to sell quickly, it could cost even
more. If you do not have to sell, yet must move, consider
renting your house. You will probably receive additional
benefits by depreciating your home for income tax purposes.
Remember, buying a home makes sense if you plan to hold it for
several years. |
|
Payments
|
Your rent payments generally increase every year. Rent
increases are often tied to inflation. |
Mortgage payments on a fixed-rate loan will not change.
Adjustable-rate loan payments vary according to the terms of
the note and economic conditions. |
|
Timeframe
|
Renting makes sense if your period is less than 2 to 3
years. |
The longer you plan to own your home, the more sense it
makes to buy. Some buyers with plans to move relatively soon
may buy if they expect the market to appreciate
significantly. |
Additional points to consider in your decision
include:
What are my reasons of owning a home? Do you
need a bigger home? Do you need a better neighborhood? Are you
speculating that prices will increase? Whatever your reasons, it
helps to write them down. Seeing your reasons on paper helps create
objectivity, and will help you follow through in the event you get
the "jitters" later on.
Do I have enough cash for the down payment? While this is certainly an important consideration, many
lenders today offer zero-down and low down payment loans. However,
you may still have to come up with cash for closing costs and moving
expenses.
Can I afford to make house payments
in addition to making payments on my other
debts? This is probably the single, most
important question to answer accurately. Spend adequate time
creating a realistic budget. If you fall too far behind in your
mortgage payments or property taxes, you will probably lose your
home and any equity you might have had in it. Generally, you should
spend less than a third of your gross income on your total housing
expense, including principal, interest, taxes and insurance.
Private Mortgage Insurance
(PMI) Private Mortgage
Insurance (PMI) protects lenders against loss due to foreclosure.
Most lenders require PMI when the down payment is less than 20
percent. The borrower pays the PMI premiums and private mortgage
insurance companies provide the policies. PMI is NOT mortgage life
insurance. PMI protects the lender against loss. Mortgage life
insurance protects your home and family by paying all or a portion
of your mortgage in the event of your death.
How much does PMI cost?
The cost of PMI depends on the percentage of
the down payment and the type of loan. Here are some sample PMI
charges. These are guidelines only. Payment factors are subject to
change. Please contact your lender or broker to get the cost of PMI
on your loan.
|
LTV |
30 year fixed |
15 year fixed |
30 year
adjustable |
|
95% |
0.78% |
0.72% |
0.92% |
|
90% |
0.52% |
0.46% |
0.65% |
|
85% |
0.32% |
0.26% |
0.37% |
Example: If you are getting
a 30 year fixed loan, and are, putting 10 percent down, the PMI
premium is 0.52 percent. If your loan amount is $100,000, your PMI
payment will be $100,000 x (.52/100) x 1/12 = $43.33 per
month.
FHA
FHA's Title II, Section 203(b) mortgage
insurance program is the most commonly used. The program allows a
borrower to purchase a new or existing one- to four-family home in
an urban or rural area. The program has been essential in helping
low- and moderate-income families become homeowners for two reasons.
First, the program lowers some of the costs associated with
obtaining a mortgage. Second, because lenders are insured against
default, they can take greater risks by lending in situations, which
fall outside of conventional standard underwriting guidelines. FHA
charges mortgage insurance premiums for these loans. The premiums
are used to pay lenders in the event of the borrower's default on
the mortgage. The borrower pays an up-front mortgage insurance
premium (MIP) and an annual premium. The up-front premium can be
financed into the loan. The Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund is
sustained entirely by borrower premiums. Currently, the up-front MIP
is 2.25 percent of the base loan amount or 1.75 percent for a
qualified first-time homebuyer. The monthly premium is 1/12 of 1/2
percent of the outstanding principal loan balance. Unlike Private
Mortgage Insurance (PMI), which can be canceled, FHA mortgage
insurance lasts for the life of the loan. MIP is also generally more expensive than PMI. Any Unused MIP is
refunded when the loan is paid off.
VA
The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
guarantees loans made by institutional lenders to eligible veterans.
The guarantee helps protect the lender in the event of the
borrower's default. The VA charges a funding fee for each loan,
which varies with the amount of the down payment and the status of
the borrower (reservist/active duty/veteran). The funding fee may be
included in the loan amount. The funding fee for
veterans is 2 percent for purchase or construction loans with down
payments of less than 5 percent, refinancing loans and home
improvement/repair loans. The funding fee for veterans is 1.5
percent for purchase or construction loans with down payments of at
least 5 percent but less than 10 percent
Home
Warranties Traditionally, home
warranties have protected homeowners from repair costs that are not
covered by home insurance, especially the inner workings of a
home--plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and major appliances.
Home warranties are often crucial in real estate transactions
because they help home buyers as well as sellers rest more easily,
safe in the knowledge that an unforeseen problem with a furnace
won't spark a financial conflict, postpone a real estate closing, or
blow a deal altogether. While home warranties
are not necessary for every current homeowner, those who benefit
most are those trying to buy or sell homes. When
you buy a home, you assume the burden of maintaining a variety of
systems and appliances. Sellers are required to disclose known
problems, but cannot be blamed for passing along a washing machine
or an oven that fails six months after the sale. That is when a home
warranty goes to work.
What is an
APR? The APR, often
referred to as the Effective Rate, is a rate, which shows the true
cost of borrowing. This rate is different from the nominal (named or
note) interest rate stated in your loan documents. The Truth In
Lending Simplification and Reform Act require mortgage companies to
disclose the APR when advertising a rate. To
begin to understand the Annual Percentage Rate, it helps to
understand the standard, fixed rate mortgage loan. A standard loan
consists of: Loan amount,
Number of payments, Monthly
payment amount, Nominal interest rate.
Given any three of the above four items, the
fourth can be determined with the aid of a financial calculator,
computer program or algebraic formula. In other words, given any
three factors, there is only one correct fourth factor. Here is an
example of a fixed rate loan:
|
1. Loan amount: |
$100,000 |
|
3. Number of payments |
360 (12 payments per year for 30
years) |
|
4. Monthly payment |
$804.62 |
|
2. Interest rate |
$9% |
Let us consider a simplified, real estate loan
transaction, using the above loan as our starting point. You borrow
$100,000 and pay a 1.5 percent loan fee to the bank. For this
example, that is the only fee you pay. At the completion of the
transaction, how much money do you have? $100,000? No. You have
$100,000 less the $1,500 loan fee, or $98,500.
Taking into account the
cost of your transaction, let us take a second look at your new
loan.
|
You received |
$98,500 |
|
Number of payments |
360 |
|
Monthly payment |
$804.62 |
|
Interest rate |
? |
Remember, there
can be only one correct interest rate given the other three factors.
In this example, the interest rate is the APR--9.17 percent. Since
the loan amount was effectively reduced (you did not get $100,000),
and the number of payments and monthly payment stayed the same, the
interest rate had to increase.Fundamentally,
that is all there is to the APR in a real estate loan transaction.
This simplified example recognized only one fee related to obtaining
a loan. You will incur many other costs when obtaining a loan, some
effecting the APR, some not, but the principle is the same.
Theoretically, the APR is a number you can use to
accurately compare loans among different lenders. Since the APR
takes into account costs of obtaining the loan, you should be able
to use APRs to find the best loan. Unfortunately, when calculating
the APR, not all lenders include all fees, and some lenders may
include fewer fees than another lender. What is a borrower to do?
Ask for a signed and dated Good Faith
Estimate of Closing Costs (GFE). A properly prepared GFE will
itemize all the costs associated with your loan. Only then can you
accurately compare lenders' programs.
What fees are included in the APR?
The following fees are usually included in the
APR: Points - both discount points and
origination points Pre-paid interest. The
interest paid from the date the loan closes to the end of the month.
Most mortgage companies assume 15 days of interest in their
calculations. However, companies may use any number between 1 and
30! Loan-processing fee Underwriting fee Document-preparation
fee Private mortgage-insurance
Appraisal fee Credit-report fee
The following fees are sometimes included in the
APR: Loan-application fee, Credit life insurance (insurance that pays off the mortgage
in the event of a borrowers death)
The following fees are usually not included in the
APR: Title or abstract fee, Escrow fee, Attorney fee, Notary fee Document preparation
(charged by the closing agent) Home-inspection fees Recording fee
Transfer taxes
Top Ý
Inicio
|